There is no centralized exchange, but there is a system of
competing market makers who post quotes on NASDAQ stocks. The spreads between
the bid and ask prices tend to be much larger for NASDAQ stocks than for
comparable exchange-listed stocks, and the number of shares that the dealers
quote are usually not representative of their willingness to trade. As with
exchange-listed stocks, your broker can tell you what the best quotes are at
any moment.

If you place a market order, you will probably get the order
filled at the current bid or ask quote. Limit orders on NASDAQ are handled very
differently from limit orders on the NYSE or Amex. Most likely, your limit
order will stay with your brokerage firm and only be executed if the market makers'
quotes change to meet your order. For example, suppose that you are interested
in purchasing a NASDAQ-traded stock whose best displayed quotes are a bid of $8
and an offer of $8.75. If you place a limit buy order at $8.25, your order
probably will not be filled until one of the market makers decreases their ask
quote from $8.75 to $8.25. Your broker is under no obligation to show your
order outside the firm. Many of the larger brokerage firms maintain their own
internal limit order books, but there is no formal limit order book like the
ones the exchanges maintain for exchange-listed stocks. Thus, your order to
purchase at $8.25 may go unfilled even if there is an order at another
brokerage firm to sell at $8.25.
Unlike the NYSE, the market makers may trade ahead of your
limit order even if you placed your order first. It is also important to think
about what might happen if your limit order is not filled within a reasonable
amount of time, and you still want to trade the stock. If you think that the stock
is going to make a major move, then it may move before your limit order gets
filled. On the other hand, if you are not expecting the stock to go anywhere
soon, it may not run away from you. If you really want to get the trade done,
you need to consider this risk that the stock may run away from you.
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